Fire-Tube And Water-Tube Boiler

Winsketel Firetube And Watertube Boiler
What is a boiler?
A Winsketel boiler is a closed vessel or container in which there is a liquid (usually water) flowing hot combustion until the water is shaped as hot water or steam. The pressurized steam is then used to transfer heat to a process.
What are the boiler components?
Winsketel Boilers have at least the following components:
1 Furnace
This is a place for burning fuel. The furnace parts include: ignition chamber, burner, exhaust for flue gas, refactory, charge and discharge door.
2 Steam Drum
Winsketel Steam drums are hot water reservoirs and steam generation. The result is steam that is still saturated.
3 Superheater
This component functions to make the saturated steam in the form of steam ready to produce turbines.
4 Air Heater
Air heater is a room heater that is used to heat the outside air that is absorbed to minimize the humidity of the air that will enter the furnace.
5 Economizer
This component is used to heat water from water that has been condensed from before and from the new system.
6 Safety Valve
This is a steam exhaust if the steam pressure exceeds the boiler pressure capacity.
7 Blowdown Valve
Blowdown valve is a channel that functions to remove deposits that are in the steam pipe.
What are Fire-Tube and Water-Tube Boilers?
Fire-Tube and Water-Tube Boilers are one type of boiler based on pipe type.
1 Fire-Tube Boiler
This type of boiler, the ignition process occurs in the pipe and then the heat is flowed into a boiler filled with water to make steam. The size of the boiler affects the capacity and pressure generated by the boiler. Fire-Tube boilers are usually used for relatively low capacity and pressure. The fuel used in Fire-tube Boilers can be in the form of fuel oil, gas, or solid fuel.
2 Water-Tube Boiler
Water-Tube Boiler is a boiler with an ignition process that occurs outside the pipe and then the heat heats the pipe containing water that was previously conditioned through an economizer. The resulting steam is then collected in a container called steamdrum. When the temperature and pressure are appropriate, new steam can be flowed into the turbine.
What are the disadvantages and advantages of Fire-tube and Water-tube Boilers?
In Fire-tube boiler, there are several advantages, namely, the installation process is easy and does not require special settings, the shape is more compact and portable, does not require a large area for 1HP Boilers. While the drawback is that it can only be used low operating pressure which is around 18bar, its capacity is relatively small, where the combustion is difficult to reach to be cleaned, repaired and checked its condition. Fire-Tube Boilers also have low efficiency values.
In Water-Tube Boilers, there are drawbacks, namely, the complex and detailed construction process, it is difficult to maintain the handling of water that enters the boiler, requires a large area because it is able to produce a large capacity. Whereas in boiler water-tubes there are several advantages, namely, the furnace is easily accessible for cleaning and repair checks, high efficiency value, high operational pressure, and large steam capacity.
BOILER CLASSIFICATION
Boilers have developed along with technological advances, evaluation after evaluation has been carried out from the boiler exhaust gas to the steam product produced. The following are the types of boilers that have gone through developments, including:
- Based on the type of pipe:
- Fire Tube:
In fire tube boilers ( Fire Tube) have characteristics that is capable of generating capacity and low pressure steam.
The way it works is the process where the ignition occurs in the pipe, then the heat generated will be delivered directly into the boiler containing large water and the boiler construction also affects the capacity and pressure generated by the boiler. Fire tube boilers can utilize fuel oil, gas or solid fuels in their use.
- Water Tube:
In the water pipe boiler ( Water Tube) has the characteristics of being able to produce high capacity and steam pressure.
The way it works is that the ignition process occurs outside the boiler pipe, then the heat generated heats the pipe filled with water but before the water is conditioned first through an economizer, then the steam produced is collected first in a steam-drum. Until the pressure and temperature match, through the secondary superheater and the new primary superheater, steam is released into the main distribution pipe. In a water pipe, water that flows first is conditioned to minerals or other contents that dissolve in the water. This is the main factor that must be considered for this type.
- Based on the fuel used:
- Solid Fuel
In solid fuel boilers ( Solid Fuel) has the characteristics that the price of combustion raw materials is relatively cheaper compared to boilers that use liquid fuel and electricity. The efficiency value of this type is better when compared to electric type boilers.
The way it works is the heating that occurs due to combustion between mixing of solid fuels (coal, baggase, rejected products, municipal waste, wood) with oxygen and heat sources.
- Oil Fuel
In liquid fuel boilers (oil fuel) has the characteristics of the price of combustion raw materials used are most expensive when compared to all types of boilers based on the fuel used. The efficiency value of this type is better if compared with solid fuel and electricity boilers.
The way it works is the heating that occurs due to combustion between the mixing of liquid fuels (diesel, IDO, residues, kerosene) with oxygen and heat sources in this boiler.
Fig. Fuel oil
- Gaseous Fuel
In gas-fuel boilers (gaseous fuel) has the characteristics of the lowest price of combustion raw materials when compared with all types of boilers that exist. The efficiency value of this type is better if compared to all types of boilers based on fuel.
The way it works is on combustion that occurs due to mixing of gas fuel (LNG) with oxygen and heat sources.
- Electric
In electric boilers (electric boilers) have characteristics, namely the price of raw materials heating is relatively cheaper compared to boilers that use liquid fuel. The efficiency value of this type is the lowest when compared with all types of boilers based on fuel.
The way it works is that heating occurs due to an electricity source that supplies a heat source.
- Based on the use of the boiler:
- Power Boiler
The power boiler has a characteristic that is its main purpose is to produce steam as a power plant, and the remaining steam will be used to run industrial processes.
The way it works is that the steam produced by this boiler uses a type of water tube boiler, the resulting steam has a large pressure and capacity, so it is able to turn steam turbine to produce electricity from the generator.
- Industrial Boilers
In industrial boilers have the characteristics of its main use is as a producer of steam or hot water to run industrial processes and also as an additional heater.
The way it works is that steam produced by this boiler can use a type of water tube or fire tube boiler, steam produced has a large capacity and moderate pressure.
- Commercial Boilers
In commercial boilers has the characteristic that is its main use is as a producer of steam or hot water as a heater and also as an addition to run commercial operations.
How it works is that the steam produced by this boiler can use a type of water tube or fire tube boiler, the resulting steam also has a large capacity and low pressure.
- Residential Boiler
In residential boilers have the characteristics of its main use is as a producer of steam or low pressure hot water that is commonly used for housing.
The way it works is that the steam produced by this boiler uses the type of fire tube boiler, the resulting steam has a low pressure and capacity
- Heat Recovery Boiler
In the boiler heat recovery has the characteristics of its main use is as a producer of steam from unused hot steam. The results of this steam boiler are used to run industrial processes.
How it works is that the steam produced by this boiler uses a type of water tube boiler or fire tube boiler, the resulting steam has a pressure and also produces a large capacity.
Fig. Boiler heat recovery
- Based on boiler construction:
- Package Boilers
In the type of boiler package has the characteristics of boiler assembly is carried out in the factory, direct delivery in the form of a boiler.
- Site Erected Boiler
In the type of site erected boiler has the characteristics that the boiler assembly is carried out at the place where the boiler will be established, delivery is done per component of the boiler.